How do you practice PDCA?

Plan, Do, Check, Adjust

PDCA is a 4-step iterative process
1. Identify the problem and some potential solutions.
2. Try one of the potential solutions.
3. What happened? Did it work? If not, why not?
4. Make some adjustments and repeat process.
 
Other references for this process: PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act), Shewhart cycle or Deming cycle.

What factors are critical for success?

PDCA and Continuous Improvement can be applied everywhere, from automobile manufacturing to bagging groceries.

Keep an open mind.
Learn to work in iterations.
Look for waste. Waste comes in many forms: Transportation, Inventory, Motion, Underutilized talent, Waiting, Over processing, Overproduction and Defects (TIMUWOOD).
Record your experiments. Ideally in the form of an A3 so you can keep track of what you’ve tried.